干燥对籽瓜籽商品性状的影响

在人工控制条件下研究了“甘农一号”籽瓜籽的干燥过程。结果表明，籽瓜籽干燥过程及其影响因素均与一般物料相似。干燥过程中重量减轻是最主要的变化，“甘农一号”籽瓜籽成干率约为２：１。干燥期间瓜籽种仁发生均匀收缩，收缩率为５．７％～５．８％；但种皮横径收缩率（８．７％）远大于纵径收缩率（４．７％），种皮的非均匀收缩可能是干燥期间翘板发生与发展的主要原因，体积收缩与翘板几乎同步发生在干燥后期——降速干燥阶段的中期。但干燥并不导致重翘的发生     

影响分娩母猪母性行为因素的探讨

分娩母猪母性行为的好坏直接影响到仔猪的成活率,尤其是一些母性行为失常的母猪直接咬死、踩死、压死仔猪,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。母猪分娩是受多种因素如神经、内分泌和胎儿等多方面影响和调控的一个复杂过程。近几年,虽然许多专家对分娩的机理进行研究,但到目前为止对造成母猪母性行为失常原因及机理的了解还不是很清楚。就分娩环境、机体内分泌、母猪遗传背景及产仔经验等影响分娩母猪母性行为的4个主要因素进行综述和讨论。     

不同饲养水平下瘤胃微生物蛋白合成效率的研究

用6头装有瘤胃、十二指肠、回肠瘘管的西门塔尔杂交阉牛,以Cr2O3为指示剂测定食糜流量,用嘌呤氧化法测定RNA当量,研究不同饲养水平下,西门塔尔杂交阉牛瘤胃微生物蛋白的合成效率。结果表明,瘤胃微生物蛋白的合成效率随饲养水平的变化呈规律性变化趋势。其中低饲养水平、中饲养水平较高,高饲养水平较低。在低、中、高3种饲养水平下,瘤胃微生物对瘤胃降解氮(RDN)的转化效率(MN/RDN,g/g)分别为0.64±0.08,0.52±0.16,0.23±0.03,对瘤胃可利用能(RDOM,瘤胃可消化有机物)的利用效率(MN/RDOM,g/kg)分别为24.66±4.96,27.17±15.18,11.92±1.86。     

提高地方杂种黄牛移植冷冻奶牛胚胎效果的研究

本试验共选用77头地方杂种黄牛作为受体，进行高产奶牛冷冻胚胎移植。对其中的70头受体牛进行同期发情处理，经过两次PG处理后有58头牛发情，同期发情率为82．9％，移植前经直肠检查有68．6％的受体牛黄体合格。但由于子宫炎症，最后移植了33头受体牛，并达到了51．5％的妊娠率。因此在不存在子宫炎症的情况下，我们已达到比较好的胚胎移植效果。     

集对分析法在大兴安岭用材林土壤养分评价中的应用

对大兴安岭兴安落叶松用材林进行不同强度的采伐改造,采用集对分析法,对不同强度采伐后的土壤养分进行综合评价,对比采伐改造后土壤养分.结果表明：大兴安岭地区,兴安落叶松用材林中,采伐强度为19％时,土壤养分最优,低强度和高强度的采伐对土壤养分有负面影响,且采伐强度越高,土壤综合养分越差.     

浅谈植物景观在室内商业空间的应用

室内商业空间中,越来越重视植物景观的应用。本文通过对上海室内商业空间植物景观的应用方式及效果研究,提出了依据植物观赏价值、人们需要及不同性质商业空间选择植物和营造植物景观的策略。植物的介入,在美化环境的同时,也软化了商业空间中硬朗的线条。     

运输应激状态猪血液皮质醇含量与肉质性状之间的关联性分析

试验旨在研究商品猪血液中皮质醇含量与宰后的胴体性状和肉质表观指标之间的相关性并探讨其内在联系。在具有秋季典型气温时间（2012年8月20日）,选取120头商品猪,猪只运输时间约为2h,运输到屠宰场后休息1．5h后屠宰,取血液样品测定皮质醇含量,取背最长肌测定肉质指标,并测定猪只的胴体重和背膘厚。根据测定得到的皮质醇浓度,将猪只分成三个组,低皮质醇组（〈120ng／mL）、中皮质醇组（120～130ng／mL）和高皮质醇组（〉130ng／mL）,比较三组之间肉质和胴体指标之间的差异。结果表明,在肉质指标方面,除中皮质醇组猪只的24h的电导率有升高的趋势（P=0．08）外,其余均无显著差异;在胴体性状方面,高皮质醇组胴体重极显著高于（P〈0．01）低皮质醇组,高皮质醇组背膘厚显著高于（P〈0．05）低皮质醇组,与中浓度皮质醇组差异均不显著。猪只血液中皮质醇含量与胴体重和背膘厚度都存在着极显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0．349和0．274。各肉质指标之间也存在相关性,其中PH与电导率为极显著的负相关,pH与肉色的L值呈极显著的负相关,45min时测定的肉色L值与滴水损失相关系数为0．234,猪只胴体重和背膘厚度呈极显著的正相关关系,相关系数为0．596。结果提示,无法通过猪只血浆皮质醇浓度的高低来评估宰后猪肉品质,但一定程度内较高的皮质醇浓度会有利于个体增重和背部脂肪的沉积。     

Growth, survival and fillet composition of paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Walbaum) fed commercial trout or catfish feeds

Paddlefish are gaining increasing acceptance as an aquaculture species worldwide. Commercial trout feeds, containing high protein and lipid levels, are currently used in intensive culture; however, nutritional requirements of paddlefish are not currently known. A study was conducted examining the effects on growth, survival and fillet composition of juvenile paddlefish when fed commercial feeds differing in protein and lipid levels. Paddlefish larvae were first stocked in 14.0 m³ round tanks and fed trout starter feeds for 43 days until trained to accept a 1.6 mm pellet. Paddlefish juveniles of mean weight (±SE) 20±0.27 g were randomly stocked into six0.02 ha ponds at 12 500 ha^?1 and fed floating commercial trout or catfish (lower protein and lipid) feeds, twice daily (08:00 and 15:30 hours) for 92–97 days. At harvest, there were no significant differences in final weight, percent survival, specific growth rate , relative growth and feed conversion ratio between treatments, which averaged 223.6 g, 96.2%, 2.5% day^?1, 10.2 and 1.98 respectively. Surface feeding activity index was significantly higher in ponds supplied with catfish feed than in ponds supplied with trout feeds. Relative pellet buoyancy was not a factor in feeding activity. Fulton's condition factor averaged0.238, was not significantly different, and was similar to a reported value for extensively cultured paddlefish (zooplanktivore). There was no significant difference in liver somatic index between treatments, which averaged 1.91%. Percent protein and moisture of fillets averaged 14.9% and 80.9%, respectively, and were not significantly different between treatments. However, lipid content of fillets was significantly higher in paddlefish fed the trout feed (4.45%), compared with paddlefish fed the catfish feed (2.42%). Fillet lipid content for both treatments was higher than reported values for extensively cultured paddlefish. Percent abdominal fat was significantly higher (0.82%) in paddlefish fed the trout feed compared with paddlefish fed the catfish feed (0.52%). Results from this study indicate that paddlefish can be fed a commercial catfish feed labeled to contain 32% protein and 4.5% lipid without adverse effects on growth, survival and fillet composition, lowering production costs.     

Developing co-management in an artisanal gill net fishery of a deep hydro-electric reservoir in Sri Lanka

Abstract Victoria, is a recently (1984) impounded, deep, hydro-electric reservoir in Sri Lanka with an established commercial fishery. Participatory appraisal of the fishing community revealed decreasing reliance on fishing income with many fishermen moving away to supplementary occupations because of declining fish catches. Illegal fishing and theft of fishing gear resulting from open access, difficulties encountered in enforcing fisheries regulations and the need for fishermen to find alternative sources of income during low water levels are the major management problems. The top–down centralized management approach previously practised was ineffective in addressing any of these issues. Therefore, the possibilities and limitations for introducing co-management as an alternative management strategy were discussed. Financial hardship coupled with perceived benefits through state sponsored welfare schemes caused a positive attitude change among fishermen, making them respond favourably to fishery management. Establishing a licensing system for controlled access, ensuring greater user-group participation through equitable distribution of state sponsored benefits among members, attempting to enforce penalties for illegal fishing linked with surprise checks to enforce management regulations, and obtaining stakeholder perceptions regarding management issues are some of the recent steps taken by the Fishermen's Co-operative Society which would positively contribute towards developing effective co-management in this reservoir.     

Growth and mortality of sibling triploid and diploid Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata (Gould), in the Camden Haven River

Growth and mortality of sibling triploid and diploid Sydney rock oysters, grown at two tidal heights, three stocking densities and three different sites on the Camden Haven River estuary, were compared. Triploids grew faster than diploids. The majority of the growth rate difference occurred after the oysters reached 2 years of age. By 3.2 years, triploids were 49% heavier than diploids. Oysters grown intertidally were larger than those grown subtidally. Oysters stocked at the lightest density of 2 L per basket grew to a significantly larger size than baskets stocked at 3 or 4 L. Growth rates were significantly different at the three sites. Growth was reduced the further the oysters were from the mouth of the estuary. There was no significant difference in mortality between ploidy level, but there were differences between tidal heights, stocking densities and sites. Intertidal oysters suffered higher mortality than subtidal. Oysters stocked at the highest density had a significantly higher mortality than the lowest density; neither of these was significantly different from the medium density. The site closest to the mouth of the estuary had significantly lower mortality than the middle and upper estuary sites.